Iby’ingenzi wamenya ku ndwara y’ibisazi by’imbwa ifite urukingo ariko iganisha ku rupfu  byanze bikunze igihe yatangiye kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibanze.

Indwara y’ibisazi  by’imbwa ( rage du chien) ihitana ibinyacumi by’ibihumbi by’abantu buri mwaka ku Isi ( hafi ibihumbi 59), inyinshi muri izi mfu zikaba ziboneka ku mugabane w’Afrika n’Aziya, aho imbwa arizo ziyitereza abantu.

Iyi ndwara yibasira ibinyamabere ( mammifere) cyane cyane imbwa n’abantu. Hari urukimgo kuri iyi ndwara rutanga ubwirinzi bw’iyi ndwara ku mubiri ariko igihe cyose iyi ndwara yagaragaje ibimenyetso bya mbere hakurikiraho byanze bikunze urupfu, ntawe ubuvura ibisazi by’imbwa.

Indwara y’ibisazi iterwa na virus yo mu bwoko bwa “Lyssavirus”  bita” lyssavirus rabie “ ikaba iboneka mu macandwe y’inyamaswa z’inyamabere  zafashwe n’ubu burwayi ( imbwa, injangwe,….. ).

I.Ihererekanywa ry’indwara y’ibisazi by’imbwa

Virus itera ibisazi ntiyihanganira kuba hanze y’umubiri, ntabwo ishobora kuba hanze y’umubiri w’inyamaswa cyangwa uw’umuntu igihe kirekire kandi ihangarwa n’imiti yica microbe (disinfectant), akaba ariyo mpamvu ikwirakwira ryayo ribaho iyo inyamaswa ikoze neza neza ku yindi cyangwa ku muntu.

Virus y’ibisazi iba iri mu nkonda ( salive) y’inyamaswa irwaye kabone niyo ibimenyetso by’iyi ndwara byaba bitaragaragara (incubation). Nta na rimwe iyi virus yinjira mu mubiri itanyuze ahari agakomere kabone n’iyo inyamaswa irwaye yaba yakoze ku muntu. Niyo mpamvu ihererekanya y’iyi ndwara riba igihe warumwe n’imbwa ( morsure) , igushishimuye  ( greffure) cyangwa yarigase ku gisebe ( lechage ). Ibisazi ntibikwirakwizwa hagati y’abantu ubwabo ( hote terminal), keretse igihe habayeho kwakira urugingo rushya ( transplantation) cyangwa umubyeyi akayitereza uwo atwite , ibi nabyo bikaba bidakunze kuboneka kenshi

II. Ibimenyetso by’indwara y’ibisazi by’imbwa 

Iyo virus yinjiye mu mubiri w’imbwa ( irumwe n’indi irwaye),ifata inzira yerekeza mu bwonko, inyuze mu myakura ( nerfs). Muri icyo gihe ubwirinzi bw’umubiri ntiburabukwa maze yagera mu bwonko igatangira kororoka vuba na vuba. Mbere y’iki gihe, nta kimenyetso na kimwe iyi ndwara igaragaza, ariko imbwa iyi mbwa irwaye ishobora  kwanduza kuko mu nkonda zayo haba hatarangiye kugaragaramo virus.Hagati yo kwandura iyi ndwara no kugaragaza ibimenyetso ( incubation) hari ibyumweru 2 kugeza ku byumweru 8 ku mpuzandengo y’iminsi 35.

 Imbwa yafashwe nibisaza irangwa ni ibi bikurikira:

1. Guhindura imyitwarire:

Imbwa yasaze, ishobora guhinduka ako kanya ikiyenza, ikagira amahane cyane cyangwa igatahwa n’ubwoba;

2. Kugira urukonda rwinshi;
3. Kunanirwa kumira ibyo irimo irya;
4. Kugira paralysie ku gice kimwe cy’umubiri nko mu maso cyangwa mu maguro;
5. Kwikanga no gukanjanja ibitariho ho guta umutwe;
6. Kugira umuriro mwinshi no kugira uburyaryate.

Ibisazi by’imbwa ku muntu

Virus itera ibisazi by’imbwa yibasira ubwonko ikabangamira imikorere yabwo ( neurotrope). Nta kwangirika kugaragara ( lesion physique) iyi ndwara itera ku bwonko, ahubwo ihungabanya imikorere y’utugirangingo tw’ubwonko ( neurone) cyane cyane utugenzura imikorere y’umutima cyangwa uguhumeka. Nyuma y’iminsi runaka cyangwa amezi, umuntu yaranduye iyi ndwara ariko atagaragaza ibimenyetso, umurwayi atangira kugaragaza ibimenyetso bigaragaza ugutangira kwangirika k’ubwonko  ( encephalite). Iki gihe kiba kiri hagati y’ukwezi kumwe n’amezi 3 kandi ibimenyetso birihuta cyangwa bigatinda bitewe naho igikomere giherereye. Ibimenyetso bikaba birushaho kugaragara iyo igikomere kiri hafi n’ubwonko  cyangwa ahandi hari ubucucike bwinshi bw’imyakura ( nerf). Ni ku bw’ibyo, uwarumwe n’imbwa mu gice cy’umutwe abangutsa ibimenyetso kurusha uwarumwe ku maguru.

Ibimeyetso ku wafashwe n’uburwayi bw’ibisazi

Ibimenyetso by’ibanze

1. Umuriro mwinshi
2. Gutengurwa ( gutitira kw’ahantu harumwe)
3. Kugira umnaniro n’ububare
4. Guhunyiza ( insomnia)
5. Kutaryoherwa n’ibiryo ( perte d’appetit)
6. Kuribwa mu mutwwe

Ibimenyetso bituruka  ku mikorere y’ubwonko bwahungabanyijwe

1. Kunanirwa kumira ( dysphagie)
2. Ibibazo bijyanye n’ubuzima bwo mutwe ( troubles neuropyschiatriques): Guhubuka mu bikorwa, kutagira rutangira mu myitwarire, kudashobora kunyeganyeza ibice bimwe by’umubiri, kuvangirwa no guta umutwe.
3. Gutinya amazi no gutitira ku bice by’ijosi n’agatuza igihe bigiweho n’amazi ( hydrophobie)
4. Gutinya umwuka ( aerophobia) rimwe na rrimwe

Ibimyentso by’indunduro

1. Koma
2. Urupfu nyuma y’amasaha cyangwa iminsi mike nyuma y’igaragara ry’ibimenyetso by’ibanze.

III. Uburyo bwo kwirinda indwara y’ibisazi

Indwara y’ibisazi ishobora kwirindwa 100% igihe cyose umuntu yagize aho ahurira n’iyi virus agakurikiza amabwiriza y’ubwirinzi kuri iyi ndwara.

Muri ubwo bwirinzi harimo:

1. Gusukura ibikomere ukoresheje amazi n’isabune, usuka amazi ku gikomere ( faire couler l’eau) mu gihe cy’iminota 15;
2. Gukamura amazi no kumutsa igikomere;
3. Gukoresha akenda gasukuye hahagarikwa iva ry’amaraso ahari igikomere;
4. Gukoresha imiti yabugenewe ( antibiotique) hicwa udukoko dushobora kuba turi muri aka gasebe ( disinfectant);
5. Gupfuka ahakomerekejwe
6. Kugezwa kwa muganga

Aha kwa muganga niho umurwayi ahabwa urukingo rw’indwara y’ibisazi, rukaba rugomba gutangwa mbere y’uko iyi ndwara igaragaza ibimenyetso byayo bya mbere.

Uru rukingo rugizwe n’inshinge 4 cyangwa 5 ziterwa mu  uwraumwe n’imbwa mu gihe cy’ukwezi.

IV.Nta muti uvura indwara y’ibisazi uraboneka

Impamvu ni uko:

1. Kimwe n’izindi ndwara ziterwa na virus, biracyagoye abahanga kubona imiti ikiza burundu izi ndwara, igikorwa gusa ni ukugabanya ukwihuta kw’indwara aho kuyihagarika burundu;
2. Haracyari urujijo ku kumenya uko virus itera ibisazi yitwara igihe igeze mu mubiri, ibituma bigorana ku bashakashatsi kubona umuti uvura iyi ndwara;
3. Iyi virus ifite ubushobozi bwo kwangiza bidasubirwaho ibice by’ubwonko mu gihe cy’iminsi mike ufashwe nayo.

Ibi  byose nibyo bituma igihe cyose hagaragaye ibimenyetso by’ibanze by’iyi ndwara, nta kindi gishobora gukorerwa umurwayi, uretse gutegereza urupfu.

Muri make.

Indwara y’ibisazi ni indwara yica, yaba ku muntu cyangwa ku mbwa ndetse no kuzindi nyamaswa z’inyamabere. Hashyira igihe kinini kigera ku byumweru no ku mezi  kugira ngo umurwayi wafashwe n’iyi ndwara agaragaze ibimenyetso bya mbere. Hanyuma iyi ibi bimenyetso byatangiye kugaragara, indwara yihuta cyane k’uyirwaye ibituma yitaba Imana nyuma y’iminsi mike, ibyumweru bike ,nta kindi ubuvuzi bushoboye kumumarira.

Gusa ntibivuze ko kuribwa n’imbwa irwaye ibisazi  ari imperuka  kuko ifiie urukingo rufite ubushobozi bwo kwica iyi virus mbere y’uko itangira kwangiza ku buryo budasubirwaho ibice by’ubwonko.

Ibisazi by’imbwa biterwa na virus yo mu bwoko bwa lyssavirus bita “lyssavirus rabie” mu rurimi rw’igifransa