Igogora: Menya inzira zose ibyo turya binyuramo n’imirimo bikorerwaho ngo bidutungire umubiri

Buri munsi dukenera amafunguro ategurwa ku buryo butandukanye, maze mu bihe binyuranye bizwi, tugafungura, ibituma dushobora kubaho ndetse no gukura. Benshi muri twe babona dushyira ibyo kurya mu kanwa tukabikacanga, tukaryoherwa, tukijuta, ubundi tugategereza ko tujya kwihagarika cyangwa kwituma ibiremereye, ntituzirikane akazi gakomeye gakorerwa mu mubiri wacu kugira ngo icyari urugero umuneke gihindukemo intungamubiri za ngombwa mu buzima bwacu. Ni iyihe mirimo ikorerwa ku biribwa turya, iyo mirimo ikorerwa he ? ibisubizo muri iyi nkuru ikurikira.

Imirimo yo gukura intungamubiri mu biribwa turya igizwe n’Ikacanga ( mastication) rikorerwa mu kanwa, igogora ( transformation chimique et mecanique) mu gifu, iyinjizwa ( absorption) ry’intungamubiri mu mara mato, n’iyoherezwa ry’imyanda ( evacuation des dechets) hanze.

Akanwa: Intangiriro ry’igogora : Gukacanga no kuvanga ibiribwa

Mu kanwa,hifashishijwe amacandwe, ibiribwa birabobezwa ( humidifier) hagatangira igogora ryabyo. Aha mu kanwa niho isukari ya glucose icagagurwamo uduce duto hifashihsijwe enzyme yitwa “amylase”. Bivuze ko ibinyasukari ( glucides) ari byo biherwaho bikorerwaho imirimo y’ihindura ( transformation chimique).Muri icyo gihe kandi ibiribwa byose birakacangwa ( broyer mecaniquement) hifashishijwe amenyo.

Uyu murimo ukorwa n’amacandwe ndetse n’amenyo utuma haboneka icyo twakita igikoma ( bol alimentaire) kikaza koherezwa mu gifu, hifashishijwe ururimi binyuze mu muhogo ( oesophage)

Igifu n’igogora hifashishijwe acide gastrique

Iki gikoma (bol alimentaire) kigezwa mu gifu n’umuyoboro (oesophage)  ufite uburebuere bwa sentimetero 25. Aha mu gifu harangwa ‘ ubusharire ( ph ya 1,5-2) kandi , ibiribwa bihahurira na suc gastrique.

Iyi suc gastrique, igizwe na za enzyme 2, pepsine na lipase, iya mbere ikaba ifasha mu igogora rya za proteyine, iya 2 mu ry’ibikomoka ku mavuta ( lipides). Muri iyi suc kandi habamo acide krolidrique ( acide chlorhydrique), ifasha nayo mu igogora kuko igenda icamo uduce duto ibiribwa ikarinda n’igifu igabanya ubusharire buba mu gifu, ikanarwanya  na microbes ziba ziri mu biryo turya zishobora kwibasira igifu.

Uretse ibi bikorwa na suc gastrique, igifu gikora n’akazi ko kuvangavanga ( brassage) ibiryo mu gihe cyikanda, kinikwegura, igituma cya gikoma ( bol alimentaire) cyakorewe mu kanwa kirushaho koroha kigafata izina rya “chyme” mu rurimi rw’igifransa.

Ibiryo bikize ku isukari nibyo rugikubita igifu gitunganya, kibicamo uduce duto, ibi bigatuma uwariye ibi birryo ahita asonza, mu gihe uwariye imange irimo proteyine n’ibi binyasukari n’ibinyamavuta byo kubigogora bitwara igihe, bikanatinda mu mubiri, igituma uwabariye adahita asonza.

Amara mato: Aho intungamubiri zoherezwa mu maraso

Amara mato ni igice cy’ingenzi mu rwunagno ngogozi. Agizwe n’ibice bitatu : duodenum, jejunum, ileon.Dore imirimo ikorerwa mu mara mato

1. Igogora: Ibiryo byavuye mu gifu bitarangirijwe igogogora, muri deodenum, bihura n’amatembabuzi ( suc digestif) avuye mu mpindura ndeste n’indurwe yavuye muri vesicule biliaire maze haifashishijwe za enzyme ziboneka muri aya matembabuzi , hagakorwa igogora rya za proteyine, ibinyasukari n’ ibinyamavuta ( lipides), bigacibwamo uduce duto;
2. Intungamubiri zabonetse( acides gras, monossacharides, acides gras), binyuze muri jejunum na ileon, zoherezwa mu bice binyuranye by’umubiri binyujijwe mu maraso;
3. Ibisigazwa bitashoboye gutunganywa byoherezwa mu mara manini

Amara manini n’iyoherezwa ry’imyanda hanze

 

Mu mara manini hakorerwa imirimo ikurikira

1. Iyohereza ry’amazi n’intungamubiri mu bice by’umubiri

Amazi aba yasigaye mu bisigazwa  by’ibiribwa yoherezwa mu bice by’umubiri, ibituma iyi myanda ( amabyi), hakanatunganywa intungamubiri zindi ( proteyine, ibinyasukari, ibinyamavura, vitamines) bitashoboye gutunganyirizwa mu mara mato;

2. Umurimo wo kwirinda no kurinda amara mato

Amara mato afite agace ( sphincter), karinda ibiryo gusubira mu mara manini, ibyatuma aya mara yibasirwa n’indwara zaterwa na bacteries ziba mu mara manini. Amara manini kandi afite uburyo bw’ubwirinzi hifashishijwe amavangingo ( mucus) yivuburira ubwayo

3. Microbiote intestinale

Mu mara haba amamiliyari ya za bacteries, virus, chamignons, zikagira akamaro mu mirimo y’igogora, iy’ubwirinzi ndetse n’ifitanye isano n’ubwonko no gutunganya ibirimo vitamine K na vitamines zo mu itsinda rya B.

Aha mu mara manini niho habera imirimo y’igogora ifata igihe kirekire.

Ibindi bice by’umubiri bigira uruhare mu igogora

Umwijima ( foie)

Mu mwijima niho intungamubiri  zavuye mu mara mato zihindurwamo ingufu umubiri wacu ukenera. Mu mwijima kandi niho habikwa za vitamines na n’isukari ( glucose) ndetse n’intungamubiri zirekurwa igihe cyose umubiri wacu uzikeneye.

Umwijima kandi niwo utanga indurwe yifashishwa mu igogora kandi ukaba ufite ubushobozi bwo guhagarika uburozi buba bwaje mu mubiri buturutse mu biribwa twariye, ukabusohora mu nkari.

Impindura ( pancreas) : Igenzura ingano y’isukari mu maraso yifashishije enzyme ndetse n’imisemburo ya insuline  na glucagon.

Vesicule billiare: Niho habikwa indurwe iba yatanzwe n’umwijima igafasha mu igogora.

 

 

 

 

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