Alcool umwanzi no 1 w’umwijima

November 21, 2024November 22, 2024 aut-editor

Nk’uko twabibonye mu nkuru zacu zahise, umwijima ni urugingo rw’ingenzi mu mubiri wacu, rukaba rufite imirimo inyuranye harimo kuvana uburozi mu mubiri wacu, kuringaniza ingano y’isukari n’ibinyabinure byitwa cholesterol mu mu maraso, gufasha mu igogora ry’ibiryo no kugira uruhare mu budahangarwa bw’umubiri wacu, tukarindwa indwara.

Muri icyo gihe ariko, inywa rikabije ry’Alcool rishobora kwangiza bikomeye umwijima, iyangirika ryo mu gihe cy’ako kanya cyangwa iry’igihe kirekire.

Muri iyi nkuru turagaruka kuri izo ngaruka ari izishobora kuvurwa zigakira cyangwa iziba twibanire.

Kuva kuri Steatose hepatique kugeza kuri cancer y’umwijima.

Steatose hepatique

Mu nkuru yacu iheruka twabasobanriye inzira zose alcool inyuramo igihe igeze mu mubiri wacu, ko igice kinini, hafi 75% cy’alcool iba yinjiwe mu mubiri inyuze mu maraso, , itunganyirizwa ( metabolism) mu mwijima. Rugikubita hifashishijwe enzyme, maze iyi alcool igahindurwamo ikinyabutabire cyifitemo uburozi cyitwa “acetaldehyde. Kubera ubu burozi, iki kinyabutabire gishobora kwangiza uturemangingo tw’umwijima ( cellules hepatiques ) bita hepatocytes ibituma umwijima utangira kwangirika na tumwe muri utwo turemangingo tugatangira gupfa.

Byongeye kandi imirimo ikorwa n’umwijima yo gutunganya alcool, ibyara ubundi bwoko bw’ibinyabutabire bita “ reactive oxygen species” ( ROS), ibi binyabutabire bikaba bibangamira bikomeye imikorere y’umwijima igituma habaho ukwiyegeranya ( accumulation) mu mwijima kw’ibinure. Indi mpamvu y’ukwirunda mu mwijima kw’ibi binyabinure nuko ku muntu unywa izirenze urugero, umwijimana ufata igihe kinini utunganya alcool, ntube ucyitaye ku byo gutunganya ibinure, igituma byiyongera mu bwinshi mu mwijima. Amahirwe ariko nuko ibi binure, igihe umuntu ahinduye imyitwarire akaba yagabanya igipimo cy’inzoga , ubu burwayi burakira, twa tugirangingo tw’umwijima turiyunuza ( (se regenerer) tukongera kuba tuzima.

Iyo uwari usanzwe anywa inzoga atazigabanije ahubwo akongera igipimo bwazo ku kigero gihoraho, umwijma utangira kwibasirwa bikomeye n’uburwayi, umuntu akagira umunaniro mwinshi, kuribwa mu nda, akagira n’amaso y’umuhondo.

Bavuga ko hari steatose hepatique igihe ibinure byabaye byinshi mu mwijima, ugatangira kugira ibibazo mu mikorere yawo, ukarwara.

Fibrose hepatique

Hepatite steatosique iyo idakize , uwanywaga inzoga agakomeza kuzihata, umwijima urushaho kujya mu kaga, maze ukazana inkovu bitewe n’uturemangingo tuzima dusimbuzwa utundi tudafite ubwiza nk’utwa mbere ( tissus cicatriciels).

Urwaye fibrose, agira umunaniro n’intege nke, akabihirwa n’ibiryo, akabyimba ibirenge no mu nda n’amaso akaba umuhondo.

Ingaruka ku murwayi ni uko umwijima ugira ubushobozi buke bwo gukora, kugira umuuduko w’amaraso mu gice cya veine portale, n’igabanuka ry’ubudahanganrwa bw’umubiri.

Iyo Fibrose imenyekanye hakiri kare ( stade precoce), ishobora gukira igihe umurwayi agabanyije inzoga cyangwa akazivaho burundu. Naho iyo imenyekanye yaramurenze ( stade avance), inkovu ku mwijima ziba twibanire kandi ntizishobora gukira ibiganisha ku burwayi bwa cirrhose. Icyo gihe nta kindi bakorera umurwayi uretse guhangana n’ibimenyetso by’ubu burwayi birinda ko byarushaho kongera ubukana.

Cirrhose

Cirrhose ni uburwayi bw’umwijima burangwa n’ubwiyonger ebukabije bw’inkovu ku mwijima, bitewe n’ibiwungangiza bihoraho kandi byisubira kuri uyu mwijima harimo n’inzoga. Icyo gihe umwijima uhinduka nk’ibuye kandi ukagira udushyundu ( bossele) twinshi, ibituma uba utagishoboye gukora neza.

Ubu burwayi burwangwa no -kugira umunaniro ukabije,-kubura appetit no guta ibiro,–umuhondo w’amaso n’uw’uruhu,-kugira imfunyira ( ecchymose) no kuva amaraso ku buryo bworoshye,-ireka ry’amazi mu nda ( ascite) no kubyimba mu mavi.

Igihe bikomeye, umurwayi agira

-umuvuduko mu gice cya veine portale ( umutsi uvana amaraso n’intungamubiri mu mu mwijima), -imitsi yo mu muhogo ikikwegura ( varice oesophagique), bigakurikirwa no kuva cyane kw’amaraso.

Habaho kandi ku murwayi–Ubushobozi buke bwo gukora k’umwijima ( insuffisance hepatique), biganisha ku kubura ubushobozi kwa burundu ko gukora ibituma bisaba guhabwa undi mwijima.

Igikorerwa umurwayi wa cirrhose, ni ukumugabanyiriza umuvuduko w’ubu burwayi no kuvura ibimenytesi byayo, ibyo gusa.

*na Cirrhose, umwijima wose uhinduka inkovu, ukamera nk’ibuye ukagira n’amashyundu hose bituma habaho igabanuka ry’ubushobozi bwo gukora biganisha ku kubutakaza burundu*

Kanseri y’umwijima

Ibinyabutabire twavuze haruguru ( ROS) biboneka igihe alcool itunganyirizwa mu mwijima zangiza bikomeye uturemangingo sano ( ADN) two mu biri wacu harimo n’umwijima. Ibi bishobora gukurura ubwiyongere mu kajagari ( replication anormale) bw’uturemangingo tw’umwijima, ibiganisha kuri cancer y’umwijima.

*48 % by’abafatwa na cancer y’umwijima, ni abayikomora ku nzoga*

Ni yihe ngano ya Alcool itakwangiza umwijima

Abahanga mu mirire bemeza ko ingano y’alcool isanzwe yanyobwa ntigire ingaruka ku mubiri ari ikirahure kimwe cy’alcool -gipimo ( verre standard) ku mugore na bene ibyo birahure gipimo bibiri ku mugabo ku munsi.

Ikirahure gipimo kingana na gramme 14 z’’alcool y’umwimemerere ( alcool pur), ni ukuvuga:

-35 cl za byeri ifite igipimo cy’alcool cya 5%

-15 cl za divayi ifite 12% y’alcool

-4.5 Cl za Liqueur ifite 45%